French 20 Francs Gold Napoleon III (Bare Head), likely 1853-1860
Coin (Numismatic/Bullion) · Yellow Gold (High-copper alloy typical of 19th-century French coinage, giving it a slight reddish or warm orange hue).
Purity: 21.6K (90.0% Gold / 900 Fineness). This purity was the standard for the Latin Monetary Union, indicating high durability for circulation while maintaining significant gold value.
Type
Coin (Numismatic/Bullion)
Purity
21.6K (90.0% Gold / 900 Fineness). This purity was the standard for the Latin Monetary Union, indicating high durability for circulation while maintaining significant gold value.
Gold Type
Yellow Gold (High-copper alloy typical of 19th-century French coinage, giving it a slight reddish or warm orange hue).
Weight
6.45 grams (Standard mint weight). Actual weight may be 6.40-6.44g due to visible circulation wear.
Description
A classic specimen of French monetary history, this 20 Francs gold coin features the profile of Emperor Napoleon III. These coins were the workhorses of the European economy in the mid-19th century and remain a favorite for European gold stackers and historical collectors due to their liquidity and historical weight specifications.
Key Features
Bare head portrait of Napoleon III facing right, engraver signature 'BARRE', consistent 90% gold composition, and historical status as part of the Latin Monetary Union standard.
Color & Finish
Warm yellow gold with a dull luster consistent with a circulated coin. Surface shows a naturally aged patina and numerous fine contact marks from historical usage.
Hallmarks & Stamps
Obverse reads 'NAPOLEON III' and 'EMPEREUR'. Signed 'BARRE' below the bust neck (Chief Engraver Jean-Jacques Barre). Mint marks and date would be on the reverse (not pictured).
Dimensions Estimate
21 mm Diameter, 1.3 mm Thickness (Standard specification).
Gemstones & Inlays
None. Standard struck relief coinage.
Clasp & Closure
Reeded edge (milled) for protection against 'clipping' or shaving of the gold metal.
Chain & Links
Not applicable. Coin features a standard reeded edge design.
Craftsmanship Details
Struck with high-pressure dies. The relief shows typical 19th-century French precision in the hair detail and lettering. Edge reeding is consistent, indicating a genuine government-minted product.
Authentication Indicators
The lettering font and portrait profile match known Jean-Jacques Barre dies. The metal color appears authentic for the copper-heavy 90% alloy. The 'L' in Napoleon shows correct spacing. Professional verification of diameter (21mm) and weight (6.45g) is advised.
Origin & Maker
France; minted at various possible facilities (Paris 'A' or Strasbourg 'BB') by the Administration des Monnaies et Médailles.
Era & Period
Second French Empire (1852–1870); specifically the 'Bare Head' type which predates the 'Laureate Head' design introduced in 1861.
Age Estimate
Circa 1853-1860 (based on the bare-headed portrait style of Napoleon III).
Cultural Significance
Represents the height of the Second French Empire and the modernization of France. These coins were globally recognized symbols of wealth and French imperial power during the mid-18th century.
Condition Notes
Circulated (Fine to Very Fine range). Surface exhibits numerous small scratches, bag marks, and edge dings. No signs of jewelry mounting (ex-jewelry), which preserves numismatic value. Overall wear is consistent with age.
Value Estimate
Value is primarily based on gold melt value (approx. 5.8g pure gold) plus a small numismatic premium of 5-10% depending on the specific year/mint and current market demand.
Care & Maintenance
Do not clean or polish. Use PVC-free coin flips or capsules for storage. Handling should be done by the edges to prevent skin oils from causing toning.
Similar Items
Napoleon III 'Laureate Head' (post-1861), Swiss 20 Franc Vreneli, French 20 Franc Marianne Rooster, and the Lucky Angel 20 Francs.
Interesting Facts
The 20 Francs gold coin is often referred to as a 'Napoleon.' This specific design helped establish the Latin Monetary Union, an early attempt at a single European currency system.